PROFILE OF INDIAN STATES



INDIAN STATES: PROFILE

State of Andhra Pradesh

Capital: Hyderabad
Area: 2,75,069 sq km
Date of Formation: 1st Oct.1953 Andhra Part A state created from part of Madras. 1st Nov. 1956 Andhra Pradesh State formed. 
Neighbouring States/U.T: Tamil Nadu,  Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Karnataka,Maharashtra, Sea: Bay of Bengal. 
Population: 84,665,533, Male: 42,509,881, Female: 42,155,652, sex-ration: 992, Density: 308, Decadal growth: 11.10%, Literacy: 51,438.510(total  67.66 %, male 75.56 %, femal 59.74 %), 
No of Districts: 23, Villages: 26,613, Towns: 210 
Legislative Bodies: State Legislature-Bicameral Assembly Seats: 294(excluding nomination) (Reserved:SC-39, ST-15): Legislative Council:90, Parliament: Lok sabha Seats:42 (Gen 32+ SC7+ST3),   Rajya Sabha seats: 18 
Main Political Parties: Indian National Congresss, Telugu Desam Party, Telengana Rashtra Samithi, Communist Party of India (Marxist), Communist Party of India, All India Majlis- Elttehadul Muslimeen, Bharatiya Janata Party ,Bahujan Samaj Party, Samajwadi Party. 
Seat of High Court: Hyderabad (Kurnool was the first capital of the Andhra state with the high court of Andhra Pradesh established at Guntur). 
Chief Languages: Telugu and Urdhu. 
Major Religions: Hinduism, Christianity, Islamic. 
Main Towns/ Cities: Hyderabad, Secunderabad, Guntur, Visakhapatnam, Chittoor, Anantapur, Kurnool, Karimnagar, Mahboobnagar, Warangal, Nalgonda, Srikakulam, Nellore, Kadapa, Khammam, Vijayawada, Ramagundam, Machilipatnam, Adilabad, Rajahmundry, Tirupati, Vizianagaram.  
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Tungabhadra, Pranhita, Papagni, Musi, Chitravati, Wainganaga, Banda. 
(b) Mountains (Mt.Range-Eastern Ghat) Nalamala Hills. Satmala Hills, Erramala Hills, Horsley Hills, Palikonda Range, Velikonda Range.
(c) Plateau: Telengana, Golconda, Rayalaseema, Srisailam, Nalgonda, Warrangal, Khammam.
(d) Lake: Pulicat, Kolleru, Nagarjuns Sagar, Nizam Sagar. 
(e) Forest: 63000 sq.km (23%), Coastline: 974km, Staple Food: Rice. 
Economy: Andhra is called the Rice Bowl of India. Agriculture-occupation of 62% people. 
(a) Agricultural Products: Rice (77% of foodgrain production) jowar, tobacco cotton, bajra, maize, pulses and sugarcane, castor, ragi, small millets, Other products are cashew, eucalyptus oil, etc. 
(b) Minerals: Chrysolite asbestos, barites, copper ore, manganese, mica, coal and limestone.
(c) Industries: machine tools synthetic drugs, fertilizer, cement, pharmaceuticals heavy electrical machinery, asbestos, watches, electronic equipment, chemicals, glass, etc. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: National highways in A.P.are 4,472 km and State highways covers 10,519km. The total R&B roads: 69.051km. 
(b) Railway Length: Railway routes cover 5,107km.
(c) Main Railway Stations: Hyderabad, Secuderabad, Guntakal, Warangal, Reni- gunta, Vijayaeada, Visakhpatnam.
(d)Airporst: Shamshabad (intl), Tirupati, and Visakhapatnam. 
(e) Ports: Visakhapatnam: 13, Non-major: Kakinada, Machilipatnam. 
Religious Places: Triupati in Chittoor districts is famous for Venkateswara temple-situated on the hilltop Tirumalai: the temple of Sriramachandraa, Bhadraachalam: the Mallikarjunashwami temple, Shrisailam: the Ahobaala temple, Simhachalam temple and tha Srikurmam temple are other famous temples. Prashanthi Nilayam at Puttapurthi an abode of Sri Satya Sai Baba Lepakshi Mahastupa (Amaravati), Mecca Masjid the largest mosque in southern India is the other attractions. 
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Kuchipudi
(b) Festivals: Sankranti- Jan (Harvest festival), Visakha-Jan: Shivratri-Feb/Mar,  Ugadi:Mar (Telugu New Year), Mahakali Yatra and Mrigasira- Jun/Jul, State Formation Day-1 Nov, Industrial Exhibition-Jan/Feb


State of Arunachal Pradesh

Capital: Itanagar
Area: 83,743 sq km
Date of Formation: 20 Feb 1987, State: 20 Jan 1972 Union territory created from part of Asom Till 1972, it was known as North East Frontier Agency (NEFA).
Neighbouring States: Asom, Nagaland.
Countries: Bhutan, Myanmar, China.
Population: 1,382,611 Males: 720,232, Females: 662,379, Literacy: 789,943, Males: 454, 532Females: 335,411 (t66.95% m 73.69% f59.57% ), Sex ration: 920, Density: 17, Decadal growth:25.92%.
No of Districts:16, Villages: 3,863, Towns: 17
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral, Assembly Seats: 60 (59 reserved for ST), Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 2, Rajya Sabha Seats:1.
Main Political Parties: Indian National Congresss, Bharatya Janata Party, Nationalist Congress Party, Arunachal Congress.
Seat of High Court: Guwahati.
Chief Languages: Arunachal Pradesh communities over 50 distinct dialects, mostly of the Sino-Tibetan language family Monpa, Miji Aka, Sherdukpen, Nyishi, Apatani: Tagin, Hill Miri, Adi, Digaru Mismi, ldu-Mishmi, Khamti, Mijiu- Mishmi, Nocte, Tangsa, Wancho.
Major Religions: Hinduismm, Buddhism, Christianity.

Main Towns: Seppa, ltanagar, Dapoorijo, Along, Pasighat, Tezu, Naharlagun, Khonsa, Yingkiong, Anini, Walong, Tawang, Bomdila, Ziro.
Geography:
(a) Rivers: Sirang (name of Brahmaputra), its tributaries- Lohit, Subansiri, Dibang, Kameg, Dikrong River (famous for water sports).
(b) Mountains: Greater Himalaya, Lesser Himalaya, Asom Shiwalik: Dafla Hills, Miri Hills, Mishmi Hills Abor Hills Peaks: Shallum-4336, Ddaphabum- 4578.
(c) Pass Bum La, Tse La, Tunga, Yonggyap Diphu, Kumjawng, Hpungan, Chaukan, Pangasau.
(d) Forest: 60 % of the state.
(e) Wildlife: Namdapha NP, Monling NP, The state’s population is made up of over 26 different tribes and many more sub-tribes.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Coal (Namchik- Namphuk coal fields), dolomite, marble, lead, Zinc, graphite.
(b) industries: sawmills, plywood (these two trades however have been stopped by law), rice mills, fruit preservation units, handloom and handicrafts.
(c) Agricultural Products: Among the crops grown here are wheat, rice, pulses sugarcane, maize millet, oilseeds and ginger, state of Arunachal padesh is also ideal for horticulture and fruit orchards (Agriculture is the primary driver of the economy. Jhum or shifting cultivation, is widely practiced among the tribal groups) Cash crop like potatoes and hoeticulture crops like apple, oranges and pineapples are getting good promotion.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Main Railway Stations: Bhalukpong
(b) Airports: ltanagar, Daparjio. Ziro, Along, Tezu, Pashigat.
Shopping: Bags, Sherdukpan shawls, Handicrafts, jackets are very popular.
Culture: (a) Dances: Hiiri khaning, Popir, Cham, Aji Lama. War dance: (b) Festivals, Mopin, Solung, Lossar, Booriboot, Sherdukpen, Si-Donyi, Nyokum, Dree, Reh, Chalo-loku.


State of Assam / Asom

Capital: Dispur
Area: 78,438 sq km
Date of Formation: 26 Jan 1950 The arrival of Ahoms in 1228 AD and their regin for 6 centuries was the turning point in Asoma history Asoma (Sanskrit) means unparalleled.
Neighbouring States: Megalaya, Arunachal Prades, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram, West Bengal, Bhutan, Bangladesh.
Population: 31,169,272, Males: 15,954,927, Females:15,214,345, Sex-ratio: 954, Density: 397,Decadal growth: 16,93%, Literacy: 19,507,017 (t73.18% m 78.81% f.67.27%).
No of Districts: 27, Villages: 25,124, Towns: 125.
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature Unicameral, Assembly Seats: 126, Parliament: Lok Sabha seats: 14(11+1+2), Rajya Sabha Seats:7.
Main Political Parties: INC,AGP, BJP, NCP, Trinamool Congress, Samata Party Samajwadi Party.
Seat of High Court: Guwahati.

Chief Languages: Asomese, Bengali, Bodo, Mishing, Karbi, Ramling, it is mainly a combination of indo European and indo Mongolian or Tibeto-Burmese languages.
Major Religions: Hinduism, lslamic, Buddhism.
Main Towns: Guwahati, Disput, Nagaon, Tezpur, Dhuburi, Jorhat, Dibrugarh, Sibsagar, Karimganj, Tinsukia, Diphu, Dhemaj, Silchar, Marigaon, Barpeta, Goalpara, Bongaigaon, Nalbari, Dhubri, North Lakhimpur.
Geography: it is a meeting point of Caucasoids and Mongoloids. 
(a) Rivers: Brahmaputra Manas, Sonai, Subansiri. 
(b) Mountains: Mikir Hills, Rengam Hills, Barail Range. 
(c) Wildlife: Kaziranga National Park-Golaghat (famous for rhinos and elephants) Manas National Park-Barpeta, Nameri National Park-Sonitpur, Pobitora Wilde life Sanctuary- Morigaon, Dibru Ssaikhow National park-Tinsukia, Laokhowa Wilde life Sanctuary -Nagaon, Pobha Wilde life Sanctuary -N Lakhimpur, Orang Wilde life Sanctuary -Sonitpur.
Economy:
(a) Minerals: Oil and natural gas, coal, limestone.
(b) Industries: Agro industries, refinery, cottage, handicraft, silk.
(c) Agricultural Products: Rice, sugarcane, potato, Jute, tea, cotton, orange, oilseeds, pineapple.
Teansport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 37.515 km. NH-2836 km 
(b) Railway Length: 2,284.28 km 
(c) Main railway Stations: New Bangaigaon, Lumding, Jorhat, Dispur, Rangia, Maligaon. 
(d) Airports: LG Bordoloi Airport-Guwahati, Kumbhrigram-Silcar, Salonibari-Tezpur, Rawriah-Jorhat, N.Lakhimpur, Mohanbari-Dibrugarh, and Silonibari- N.Lakhimpur.
Temples: Kamakhya temple (Nilachal hills), Umananda mandir (Peacock is ), Navagraha mandir (Chitrachal hill).
Shopping: Sualkuchi (famous for muga silks, endi and pat). Handicrafts: Cane, brass, bamboo articles and metal crafts Asom is famous for varities of silk, clay dolls, mattresses, pottery, bangles, woodworks, etc.
Culture: (a) Dances: Magh Bihu, Rongali Bihu, Bohag Bihu, kongali. (b) Festivals: Baisakhi.


State of Bihar
Capital: Patna
Area: 94,163 sq km
Date of Creation: 15 Aug, 1947 Province: 26 Jan. 1950 state (until 1956: part (A)
Neighbouring States: Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal. Country: Nepal.
Population: 103,804,637, Males: 54,185,347, Females: 49,619,290, Sex-ration: 916, Density: 1,102,Decadal growth: 25.07%, Literacy: 54.390,254 (Total 63.82%, Male 73.39%, Female 53.33%).
No of Districts: 38, Villages: 39,015, Towns: 130
Legislative Bodies: State Legislature-Bicameral, Assembly Seats: 243, Legis Council: 95, Parliament: Lok Sabha seats: 40(34+6+0), Rajya Sabha Seats: 16
Main Political Parties: BJP-Bharatiya Janata Party, Rashtrya Janata Dal, INC, CPI, BSP, CPI (M), Janata Dal (United), Samajwaadi Party, Lok Jan Shakti Party.

Seat of High Court: Patna.
Chief Languages: Hindi, Urdhu, Bhojpuri, Magadhi, Angika, Maithili.
Major Religions: Hindusim, lslam, Buddhism, Christianity.
Main Towns: Patna, Gaya, Biharsharif, Bhagalpur, Purnia, Muzaffarpur, Bettah, Motihari , Siwan, Munger, Bhagalpur, Araria, Arrah, Chhapra, Sasaram, Buxar, Darbhanga, Raxaul.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Ganga, Gandak, Burhi Gandak, Son, Saryu (Ghaghara), Kosi, Kamla, Panar, Saura, Lakhandai, Keul, Ghuari, Pun-pun. 
(b) Mountains: Mandargiri Hills, Mirzapur, Kharagpur, Rajgir, Bapabar Hills, Kaimur Plateau, Nawada Upland: 
(c) Plains North Bihar Plains South Bihar Plains, Motihari, Lower Son, Bettiah, Saran, Sitamarhi, Saharsa, Aaria, Madhubani, Dharmapuri, Katihar, Bhagalpur. 
(d) Valmiki N.Park. Forest: 7.1 %.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: llmenite, Kaolin, Limestone, Mice, fuller’s earth, 
(b) Industries: cotton spinning mills, sugar mills, jute mills and leather industries: 
(c) Agricultural Products: rice, wheat, cash crops like sugarcane, oilseeds, maize and pulses, potato, tobacco and jute.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 46107km (in 2001)NH-3734km, SH-3989km 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Patna, Gaya,Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, Barauni, Katihar, Siwan
(d) Airport: Patna.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Seraikella
 (b) Festivals: Chhath, tribal-Sarthul Karam.

State of Chhattisgarh

Capital: Raipur
Area: 1,36,034 sq km
Date of Formation: 1 Nov. 2000 State
Neighbouring States: MP, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, UP, Jharkhand.
Population: 25.540,196, Males: 12,827,915, Females: 12,712,281, Sex-ratio. 991, Density: 189, Decadal growth: 22,59%, Literacy: 15,598,314 (total 71.04%, male 81.45%, female 60.59%).
No of Districts: 27, Villages: 19.744, Towns: 97
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral, Assembly Seats: 90, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 11(6+1+4), Rajya Sabha Seats:5
Main Political Parties: BJP,INC,BSP, NCP.
Seat of High Court: Bilaspur.
Chief Languages: Chhattisgarhi, Hindi.
Major Religions: Hinduism.
Main Towns: Raipur,Bilaspur, Baikunthpur, Jashpur, Champa, Rajgarh, Jagdalpur. Korba, Mahasamund, Ambikapur, Durg, Bhilai, Raj Nandgaon.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Mahanadi Indravati, Pairi, Hasdo, Son, Sabari
(b) National Park: Indravati NP-Dantewadi: Sanjay NP-Kank-Sarguja-Koriya Dist, Kangerghati NP-Kanker. 
Cultivation: in 35% land area. Irrigation: 13.28 lakh hectares.
Sanctuaries: Achanakmar, Pamed, Badalkhole, Samarsot, Sitanadi,  Gomardhas, Bbhoram Deo and Undanti.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Copper, Coal, lron, Limestone, Manganese and a diamond reserve
(b) industries: most industries are mineral based like BALCO or Bhilai Steel plant, or forest based
(c) Agricultural Products: Chironji, harhar, baheda, Tendu leaves, mahu flowers and sal seeds-pre-dominently forest products. 80 % people are occupied agriculture.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 33.448 km, NH-2.225 km, SH-5.240 km 
(b) Railway Length 1,053km 
(c) Main Railway Stations: Raipur, Bilaspur, Dury, Korba, Raigarh, and Rajnandgaon)
(d) Airports: Raipur, (Airstrips: Bilaspur, Bhilai, Ambikapur, Korba, Jagdalpur, Jashpurnagar and Rajnandgaon).
Tourism: Important attracrtions: Champaran the birthplace of the Saint Vallabhacharya, with a temple named after him: National Parks (3), Wildlife sanctuaries (11): a major destination for eco-tourism.
Culture:
(a) Festivals: Pola, Nawakhai, Dussehara, Diawali, Holi, Govardha Puja.









State of Goa
Capital: Panaji
Area: 3,702 sq km
Date of Formation: 30 May, 1987 
Neighbouring States: Karnataka, Maharashtra, Sea: Arabian Sea 
Population: 1,457,723, Males: 740,711, Females: 717.012, Sex-ration: 968, Density: 394, Decadal growth: 8.17%, Literacy: 1,152,117, (total 87.40 %, male 92.81%, female 81.84%). 
No of Districts: 2, Villages: 359: Towns: 44 
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral, Assembly Seats: 40, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats:2, Rajya Sabha:1 
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC, United Gomantwadi Democratic Party, NCP, Maharashtrabadi Gomantak Party. 
Seat of High Court: Bombay. A bench of Bombay High court is at Panaji District Court is in South Goa. 
Chief Languages: Konkani and Marathi 
Major Religions: Hinduismm and Christianity. 
Main Towns: Panaji, Margao, Vasco, Mapusa, Ponda, Vagator. 
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Mandovi, Zuari Terekhol, Chapora and Betul
(b) Mountains: Western Ghats
(c) Lake: Mayem
(d) Caves Khandepur, Arvalem. 
(e) Wildlife: Dr.Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, the Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigoa Wildlife Sanctuary, Molem N.Park, Bhagwan Mahavir W.Sanctuary the Mormugao harbour. 
(f) Beaches: Bogmalo (water sports), Calangute, Colva, Mandrem, Morijim, Anjuna, Baga, Candolim, Sinquerim, Majorda, Benaulim, Varca, Agonda and Vagator. 
(g) Waterfalls: The Aravelam waterfallsadjacent to it is Rudreshwara temple and interesting rock-cut caves the Mayem Lake, the Dudsagar waterfalls-little downhill is the Devil’s Canyon suitable for trekkers and hikers. Forest: 1424sq km. irrigation: 43000 hectares. 
Economy: Paddy (rice) is the main agricultural crop, followed by ragi, coconut and cashew. The state has a opulent forest cover of more than 1,424 sq. kms. Fishing withstands a work force of 40,000 people. 
(a) Minerals: lron ore manganese, for-manganese, bauxite, silica sand
(b) Industries: Minign industries, fruit canning, small scale industries like brewerie, fish canning, automobile batteries, printing press, stoves, computer peripherals, zip fastner, etc
(c) Agro Products: Paddy/rice, pulses ragi,groundnut, maize, jowar, bajra, sugarcane,coconuts, cashewnut, arecanut, pineapple, mangos, bananas. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: NH-264 km state highways-279 km, SH-District roads-815km 
(b) Railway Length: Goa is linked with Mumbai, Mangalore and Thiruvanthapuram through the Konkan railway
(c) Main Railway Stations: Margoa Canacona, Balli, Verna, Karmali, Thivim, Pernem
(d) Airport: Dabolim international (29km from Panaji)
(e) Chief Port: Mormugao, Dona Paula, Panaji. 
Fort: Tiracol- built by Marathas in 1745, Cabonow governor’s house, Cabo da Ramajuts into the sea, Reis Magos-named afterward Biblical Magi Rulers who is believed to have owned this area and the Aguada Fort built by Portuguese between 1609-1612-now used as central prison. 
Cuisine: Sweets: Bebinca, Dodol, Sanna, Delicacies: Bangra, pork vindaloo, sorpotel, acuri, chourisso. 
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Fugdi, Dhalo (folk): Dekni, Kumbi, Bandhap (women). Man-do (love-east-west mix), Ghode Mondi (Ranes victory over Portuguese), Goff & Hanpt Sword (during Shigmo), Dhangar (Navratri), Kala and Dashavtari. 
(b) Festivals: Carnival, Shigmotsav (Feb/Mar) Sabado Gordo (Feb), Beach Bonanza (Apr), Konkani Drama Fest (Nov/Dec).


State of Gujarat

Capital: Gandhinagar
Area: 196,024 sq km
Date of Formation: 1 May 1960 
Naighbouring States/ UT: Rajasthan, Maharashtra, MP, Daman-Diu Dadra Nagar Haveli. Country: Pakistan, Sea: Arabian Sea. 
Population: 60,383,628, Males: 31,482,282, Females: 28,901,346, Sex-ratio: 918, Density: 308,Decadal growth: 19.17%, Literacy: 41,948,677 (total 79.31%, male 87.23%, female 70.73%.). 
No of Districts: 26, Villages: 18,066, Towns: 242 
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral, Assembly Seats: 182, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 26(20+2+4), Rajya Sabha Seats:11 
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC, JD
Seat of High Court: Ahmedabad 
Chief Language: Gujarati 
Major Religions: Hinduism, Islam 
Main Towns: Ahaedabad, Vadodara,Bhavnagar, Bguj, Surat, Jamnagar, Kandla, Mehsana, Porbandar, Rajkot. 
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Mahi, Sabarmati, Narmada, and Tapti. Smaller rivers like Banas, Sarawati and Damanganga
(b) Mountains: Gir Range, Barda Hills Girnar Hills. 
(c)National Parks: Gir NP-asiatic lion, Pirotan Marine National Lark-known for corals and fish, Wild Ass Sanctuary-Rann of Kutchch, Nal Sarovar Bird Santuary, Ratanal & Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary- Gujarat-MP border,Velavadhar NP, Vansda NP.
(d) Beaches: Porbandar, Chorwad, Beyt Dwaraka, Somnath and Veraval, Mandvi near Delvada. Lrrigation: 64-88 lakh hectares. 
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: petroleum oil, natural gas
(b) industries: Textiles, petrochemicals, inorganic chemicals (caustic soda, soda ash), drugs, pharmaceuticals, electronic and electrical goods, cement, machine tools, oil refinery, sugar, oil etc. 
(c) Agricultural Products: Jowar, rice wheat, bananas, tobacco cotton, bajra, groundnut isabgol, maize, sugarcane, mangoes. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 74038 km
(b) Main Railway Stations: Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Bharuch, Valsad, Navsar, Surat, Dahod, Nadiad, Bhavnagar, Bhuj, Jamnagar, Rajkot, Mehsana, Himatnagar, Palanpur
(c) Airports: Ahmedabad International Vadodara Bhavnagar: Bhuj, Surat, Jamnagar, Rajkot
(d) Port: Kandla. 
Shrines: Modhera Sun temple- Mehsana, Hatheesing Jain Temple, Bhadreshwar Jain pilgrimage, Shamlaji- famous Vaishnava temple Jama Masjid, Rani Rupmati mosque, Akshardham temple-made of sandstone, Parsees Fire temple-Udwada. 
Historic Placas: Adlaj Vav (world’s most famous elaborated well)- Gandhinagar,, Patan-remains of Solanki dynasty, Lothal and Dholavira-remains of Harrappan civilization, Raniki Vav-built by Udayamati queen of Bhimdevaa 1 between 1022 and 1063, Uperkot Fort-built by yadavas. 
Shopping: Patola saris, cholis, chakla, bead-embroidered ghagras, tondris, zari, chandrawas, block printed textiles, clay painting, hand painted fabrics, Namdas-felt embroidered with wool. 
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Garba (Lasya Nrity) and Dandia Ras (Ras Leela, folk), Tippani (women labourers): (b) Festivals: Janmastami,-Dwarka and Dakor, Mahavir Jayanti-Palitana, International Kite Festival-Jan, Makar Sankranti, Navratri-Sep/Oct, Tharnetar fair (Aug-Sept), Madhavrai fair-Porbandar (Mar-April), Ambaji fair-Banaskanta dist Shamalji fair, Dangi durbar-March,etc.


State of Haryana

Capital: Chadigarh
Area: 44,212 sq km
Date of Formation: 1 Nov 1966 State formed from part of Punjab.
Neighbouring States: Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarachal, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi,Rajasthan, Chabdigarh (UT)
Population: 25.353.981, Males: 13.505.130, Females: 11.847.971, Sex-ratio: 19.90%, Density: 573,Decadal Growth: 19.90%, Literacy: 16.904.324, (total 76.64%, male 85.38%, female 66.77%).
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral, Asembly Seats: 90, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats:10 (8+2+0), Rajya Sabha Seats:5
No of Districts: 21, Villages: 6764, Towns: 106
Main Political Parties: INC, Indian National Lok Dal, BJP, BSP, NCP.
Seat of High Court: Chandigarh.
Chief Languages: Hindi, Punjabi.
Major Religions: Hinduism, Islamic, Christianity.
Main Towns: Gurgaon, Karnal, Rohtak, Hisar, Yamunanagar, Kaithal, Panipat, Kurukshetra, Faridabad, Sirsa, Rewari, Bhiwani, Narnaul, Mahendragarh, Sonepat.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Ghagoar, Yamuna
(b) Mountains: Lower Shiwallik Range, Rewhari Upland, Delhi Range 
(c) Lakes: Sirajkhand, Badkhal, Chakarvaty 
(d) National Park: Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary it is the 1st state in India to achieve 100% rural electrification.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Limestone, slate, dolomite, china clay, graphite and quartz 
(b) Industries: cement, sugar, paper cotton, textiles, glassware brassware cycles tractors (largest production in the country), automobile tyres and tubes, timepieces, motorcycles, sanitary ware, steel tubes hand tools cotton yarn refrigerators vanaspati, television sets, ghee and canvas shoes
(c) Agricultural Products: Rice, Wheat maize bajra, cotton sugarcane barley potato and pulses. 75% people are occupied in agriculture.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length:35.303km
(b) Main Railway Station: Kalka, Ambala, Panipat, Kurukshetra and Rohtak, jind, Jakhal. Hissar (Jagadhari-railway workshop) 
(c) Airpots: Narnaul, Pinjore karnal, Hissar Bhiwani.
Culture: 
(a) Festivals: Holi, Teej, Diwali, Ggugga Pir, Sanjhi, Karva, Chauth-for women: Surakund-famous for popular crafts melaheld in February, Janmashtami Fair-Bhiwani Masani Fair-Gurgaon
(b) Crafts: Moorah making, khes, druggist, Punja durries.

State of Himachal Pradesh

Capital: Shimla
Area: 55,673 sq km
Date of Formation: 15 Apr. 1948 Statehood 
Neighbouring States: J&K, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand County: China.
Population: 6.856.509, Males: 3.473.892, Females: 3.382.617, Sex-ration: 974, Density: 123,Decadal growth: 12.81%, Population is divided into five major groups: the Gaddis, Gujjars, Pangawals, Kinners and Lahaulis, Literacy: 5,104,506 (total 83.78%, male 90.83%,  female 76.60%).
No of Districts: 12, Villages: 17.495, Towns: 57
Legislative Bodies: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 68, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats. 4 (3+1+0), Rajya Sabha Seats:3
Main Parties: INC, BJP, Himachal Vikas Congress, Lok Jan Shakti Party, Lok tantrik Morcha Himachal Pradesh.
Seat of High Court: Shimla
Chief Languages: Pahari, Hindi, Punjabi, Kinnauri.
Major Religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, lslam, Sikh.
Main Towns: Shimla, Dharmashala Kullu, Mandi, Manali, Bilaspur, Keylong, Solan, Kangra, Chamba, Dalhousie.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Ravi, Beas, Chenab, Satuj, Yamuna
(b) Mountains: Greater Himalaya, Nag Tibba Range 
(c) Lake/Valley: Kangra Valley, Govind Sagar, Lahul Valley, Rampur Valley, Spiti Valley, Mahasu Valley, Baspa Valley.
(d) Pass: Rohtang 
(e) Parks and Valleys: Kufri-Himalayan Nature Park Sangla 
(f) Lake: Renuka, Rewalsar-Mandilrrigation: 5.83 lakh hectares.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Rock salts,, limestones, dolomite, slate, gypsum.
(b) Industries: IT, Bio-technology, cement, fruit processing, electronics, brewery. 
(c) Agricultural Products: wheat, maize, rice, barley, vegetable: ginger, soyabean, potato, oilseed, pulses. Fruits: peach plum, apricot, apple pear, mango, guava, strawberry, litchi. 71% people are occupied in agriculture.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 30264 km. NH-1235kms
(b)Main Railway Station: The only broad gauge railway station is Una: two narrow gauge lines (Pathankot to Jogindernagar and Kalka to Shimla)
(c) Airports: Bhuntar (Kullu Valley), Jubbarhatti (Shimla) and Gaggal (Kangra) Airstrisp: Banikhet (being built).
Shrines: Baba Barabhag Sing Gurudwara-Una, Mata Chintpurni Shri and Baba Balak Nath. Lakshmi Devi-Manimahesh, Jwalamukhi, Jakhu Hanuman temple-Shimla, Paonta Sahib Gurudwara, Bhimkali temple- Sarahan, Bajreswari Devi temple-Kangra.
Shopping: Pashmina shawls are very famous, namdas, gudma, rugs are some of the native attractions. Mcleod Ganj-Tibetan textiles, Tibetan handicrafts, Dalhousie-Kulu shawls and Lakkar Bazar.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Nati
(b) Festrivals: Dussehra of Kulu-begins on Vijay Dashmi, Shivratri of Mand (Feb/Mar), Minjar Fest in Chamba, Lavi Fair at Rampur, Renuka Fair (Aug/Sep), Lohri or Maghi, Lahual and Phulech- festival of flowers
(c) Crafts: Pashmina and woolen shawls, namdas, gudma, thobis (floor covering made of goat hair), pullas (straw shoes).


State of Jammu and Kashmir

Capital: Srinagar (summer) Jammu (winter
Area: 2,22,236 sq km
Date of Formation: 26 Oct 1947
Neighbouring States: Himachal Pradesh, Punjab. Countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan and China.
Population: 12,548,926. Males: 6,665,561, Females: 5,883,365, Sex ratio: 883, Density: 124, Decadal growth: 23.71% , Literacy: 7,245,053 (total 68.74%, male 78.26, female 58.01%).
No of districts: 22, Villages: 6,417, Towns: 75 
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Bicameral: Assembly: 87 (originally 100 but parts of it are illegally under POK): Legislative Council: 36 Parliament-Lok Sabha Seats: 6: Rajya Sabha Seats:4
Main Political Parties: Jamu and Kashmir National Conference: INC People’s Democratic Party J&K National Panthers Party CPI-M, J&M Awami League, Democratic Movement, BSP, BJP.
Seat of High Court: Srinagar and Jammu
Chief Languages: Urdu (official), Kashmiri, Dogri, Pahari, Dalti, Ladakhi, Purig Punjabi, Gurji, Dadri.
Major Religions: Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism.
Main Towns: Srinagar, Jammu, Keh, Anantnag, Baramula, Pulwama, Punch, Doda Udhapmpur, Gilgit, Punch.
Geography: Location (degrees): 32.15 & 37.05 N-72.35&83.20E 
(a) Rivers: Chenab, Zanskar, Indus, Jhelum, Suru, Nubra and Shyok
(b) Mountains: (divided into 4 re gions) Khandi Belt- Greater Himalayas, Great Larakoram, Trans-Himalaya: Siwalik renge-Zaskar range, Kunlun: Kashmir Valley-Pirpanjal range: Tibetan tract-Ladakh range
(c) Lakes: Wular, Dal, Pangong, Achar, Moriri, and kar (Mountain Lakes-Satsar, Vishansar, Kishansar, Gadsar, Gangabal)
(d) Pass Zoji La Pass
(e) Range Pir Panjal Great Himalaya, Zanskar, Ladakh Ladakh is also called ‘Little Tibet’ and sometimes the last Shangri La This region is marked by Buddhist monasteries (gompas) and forts. Hemis Gompa-Leh offers some tough mountain treks to Zanskar valley-Pangong Lake-Tso Moririi Lake. The highest point there is at Zoji-La-Pass.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Mica, fire clay, limestone kaolin, bauxite
(b) Industries: Handicrafts, carpet, wood carving, shawl-making
(c) Agricultural Products: Paddy, maize wheat, gram, bajra jowar, barley, fruits like apple and walnuts 80% people depend on agriculture.
Transport & Communications:
(a) Road Length: 25,578km 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Jammu, Udhampur. The railway line will be extended to Srinagar and Baramulla (c) Airports: Sheikh-ul-Alam international-Srinagar, Jammu, Leh and Kargil.
Shopping: Chikindozi-hookwork-jalakdozi-rafookari-Pashmina, Kashida embroidery sonzi-fine needle work and shaals, silver jewellery, etc.
Culture:
(a) Dances: Kud (Dogra men), Hemis Gumpa and Ruf (Women-romance and heroic) 
(b) Festivals: Assuj, Lohri,Sinh Sankranti, Bahu Mela in Jammu, Mela Losar, Mela pat: ld-ul-fitr, ld-ul-Zuha, ld Milad-un-Nabi Meraj Alam in Kashmir, Muharram, Hemis in Ladakh.




State of Jharkhand

Capital: Ranchi
Area: 79,714 sq km
Date of Formation: 15 Nov 2000 (State created from part of Bihar)
Neighbouring States: Bihar, UP,Chhatisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal.
Population: 32, 966,238, Males: 16,931,688, Females: 16,034,550, Sex-ratio: 947, Density: 414,Decadal growth: 22.34, Literacy: 18,753,660 (total 67.63%, male 78.45%, female 56.21%).
No of Districts: 24, Villages: 29,354, Towns: 152
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 81, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 14 (8+1+5), Rajya Sabha Seats:6
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC, NCP, JMM, RJD, JD-United, All, India Forward Block, CPI-ML, Jharkhand Students Union, Jharkhand Party.
Seat of High Court: Ranchi.
Chief Languages: Hindi, Urdu, Kurmati, Santhali, Ho, Kuruk, Bengali.
Major Religions: Hinduism, Islam, Budhism.
Main Towns: Bokaro, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Dhanbad, Daltongani, Singhbhum, Deogarh, Dumka, Hazaribagh,Chaibasa, Gumal, Garwa, Giridih.
Geography:
(a) Rivers: Sankh, South Koel Damodar, Subarnarekha, Barakat
(b) Mountains: Chotaanagpur Plateau, Hazaribagh Plateau, Rajmagal Hills, Parasnth (1366m)
(c) Reservoir: Tilaiyaa, Konar, Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar 
(d) National Park: Palamau N.Park, Hazaribagh, N.Park, Cultivation: 18kh hectare irrigations 8% of land area. Forest area 18423sq km.
Economy: State of Jharkhand’s economy sustains by heavy industry and mining. It is India’s 2nd most important source of coal mining 26 per cent of the total in minerals, Jharkhand is probably India’s richest state Jharkhand has rich reserves of iron ore and coal and numerous industries. The 2 major steel plants of India are located in Jharkhand: at Jamshedpur and Bokaro 
(a) Minerals: iron ore and coal
(b) Industries: heavy industries and Steel minings.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 4,311km, including 1,500km NH and 2,711km, SH 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Ranchi, Bokaro, Dhanbad, Jamshedpur, Muri, Deogarh
(c) Airports: Ranchi Jamshedpur.
Tourism: Attraction include Deoghar, home to a complex of 22 temples, Parasnath, the highest hill and the chariot shaped Sun temple.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Chhau
(b) Festivals: Chhath, Diwali, ld, Buddha Purnima, Durga Puja. Tribal Festivals: Sarhul, Bandna, SSohraj and Dasai.







State of Karnataka

Capital: Bangaluru
Area: 1,91,791 sq km
Date of Formation: 15 Aug 1947 Mysore state (1950-56, part (b), 1 Nov 1873 Renamed Karnataka.
Neighbouring States: Kerala, Goa, Maharashtra, AP, Tamil Nadu. Sea: Arabian Sea.
Population: 61,130,704, Males: 31,057,742 Females: 30,072,962, Sex-ratio: 968, Density: 319,Decadal growth: 15.67%. Literacy: 41,029,323, (total 75.60%, male 82.85%,  female 68.13%)
No of Districts: 30, Villages: 27,481: Towns: 270

Legislative Bodies: State Legislature-Bicameral: Assembly Seats 224, Legislative Council-75, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 28 (21+5+2), Rajya Sabha Seats: 12
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC,JD (S), JD (U), CPI-M, Kannada Nadu Paksha, Kanada Chaluvali Vatal Paksha.
Seat of High Court: Bengaluru
Chief Languages: Kannada
Major Religions: Hindu, lslam, Christianity 
Main Towns: Bengaluru, Bidar, Gulbarga, Bijapur, Belgaum, Dharwad, Hubli, Raichur, Bellary, Shimoga, Tumkur, Hassan, Davanagere. Udupi.
Geography: Location (degrees): 11.31 & 18.14 N-74.12&78.10 
(a) Rivers: Krishna, Tungabhadra, Cauvery, Kabini
(b) Mountains: Western Ghats Chitradurga Hills, Mysore Plateau, Biligiri Rangan Hills, Namdi Hills, Gokak Hills, Badami Hills. 
(c) National Park: Bandipur Wildlife Sanctuary.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Gold silver, iron ore, copper, chromite, magnesite, corundum, garnet, limestone 
(b) lndustries: Aircraft, electronics, software, telecomequipment, alloy steel, machine tools, watches, porcelain, automobiles, etc 
(c) Agricultural Products: Jowar, sunflower, bajra, ragi, rice, maize, groundnut, mulberry, coconut, potato, watermelon, grapes etc,. 46% people are engaged in agriculture and allied activities. Horticulture: 15.81 lakh hectares. lnstalled capacity of power: 5836MW, Rural electrification: 100% Software exports: 35% of India’s exports.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road. Length: 2,15,849 km: NH-3967km: SH-9590km 
(b) Railway Length: 3172km The konkan Railway the new rail ilnk between Mumbai and Mangalore was dedicated to the nation on May 1,1998 
(c) Main Railway: Stations Bengaluru, Mysore, Belgaum, Hosur, Hassan, Mandya, Tumkur, Bellary, Hubli, Bijapur, Gulbarga, Dharwad 
(d) Airporst: Bengaluru-Devanahali, Belgaum, Mangalore, Hubli. 
(e) Port: New Mangalore port is the main all-weather seaport.
Adventure Sports: Ramangaram- rockclimbing-50 km from Bengaluru, Honnemardu on Sharavathy-coracle rafting,canoeing and wind surfing, Cauvery Fishing Camp-82km from Mysore for anglers, Kudremukh and Kemmangudi-trekking.
Culture: Festivals: Mysore Dussera, Karaga, Ugadi (Kannada New Year), Diwali, kar Hunive, Navaratri, Yellu Amavasya, Ramzan.







State of Kerala

Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
Area: 38,863 sq km
Date of Formation: 1st Nov. 1956
Neighboring States/UTs: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Lakshdweep Is.
Population: 33.387,677, Males: 16,021,290, Females: 17,366,387, Sex-ration: 1,084, Density: 859,Decadal growth: 4.86%, Literacy: 28,234,227 (Males: 13,755,888 females: 14,478,339, 93.91), 
No of Districts: 14, Villages: 1364, Towns: 159
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 140 (excluding nomination): Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 20 (18+2+0): Rajya Sabha Seats:9
Main Political Party: INC, CPI-M, Muslim league Kerala State Committe, Kerala Congress (M), Kerala Congress, CPI, JD(S), Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala, Kerala Congress (b), Kerala Congress (J), CMP, Democratic Indira Congress, NCP.
Seat of High Court: Kochi
Chief Languages: Malayalam
Major Religions: Hinduism, Islam, Christianiity.
Main Towns: Thiruvananthpuram, Kochi Kozhikode, Trissur, Kannur, Kottayam, Kolam, Allapuzha, Palakkad, Malappuram, Pathanamthitta.
Geography:
(a) Rivers (km): Bharatapuzha, also called Nila-209, Periyar-244, Pamba-176, Chaliyar-169, Kadaundi & Chalakudy-130, Achenkovil-128, Kalada, Muvatupuzha-121: (Total 44 rivers-out of which 41 are west flowing and 3 eastward-Pambar, Bhawani and Kabani)
(b) Mountains: Anmala (8841 ft, the Highest), Karinkulam (8455ft), Mukutti (8330ft), Devimala (8273 ft) Highest Peak-Anamudi 2695 msl
(c) Lakes (sq km): Vemband-205, Kayamakulam-51, Ashtamudi-50 Anjuthengu-20, Fresh water lake (sq km)- Shastamcota-3.7 Vellayni, and Pookat
(d) Beaches: Kovalam, Varkala, Vizhinjam, Shankumkham-Trvandrum, Muzhapilangad and Payyambalam-Kannur, Kapad-Kozhikode.
(e) Hill Stations: Munnar Nelliyampathy
(f) Backwaters: Alapuzha, Kollam, Veli, Kochi, Kumarakom-Kottayam
(g) Wildlife: Eravikulam National Park-known for Nilgiri Tahr, Periyar N.Park, Parambikulam N.Park, Silent Valley, Peppara N.Park
(h) Waterfalls: Palaruvi, Athirapalli, Vazhachal.
Economy:
(a) Minerals: llmenite, Rutile, kaolin, Limestone
(b) Industries: Coir and cashew are 2 large industries Handloom and bamboo-based industries are well-developed kerala accounts for about 1/3 of India’s marine exports, Software development field and export is picking up
(c) Agricultural Products: The state has progressive in commercial agriculture more than food crops. Consequently the state is in shortage of food grains. State of Kerala accounts for 91% of India’s rubber, 70% of coconut, 60% of tapioca and nearly 100% of lemon grass oil. Kerala is the sole largest producer of a sum of other crops like banana & ginger, moreover tea and coffee in abundance. 50% people engaged in agriculture field.
Main Irrigation Projects: Malampuzha, Chalakkudy, Peechi, Pamba, Periyar, Chitoorpuzha, Kuttiyadi, Neyyar, Chimmini.
Main Power Projects: ldukki Hy, Pallivasal Hy, Chenkulam Hy, peringalkut Hy, Neriyamangalam Hy, Paniyar Hy, Sabarigiri Hy, Sholayar Hy, Brahmapuram Diesel, Kanjikode Wind farm, Kozhikode Diesel, Kayamakulam Thermal Power plant.
Transport & Communications
(a) Road Length: 1.61 lakhs kms
(b) Railway Length: 1,148 kms
(c) Main Railway Stations: Thiruvananthpuram, Kollam, Chenganur, Thiruvalla, Kottayam, Alappuzha, Ernakulam, Trissur, Palakkad, Kozhikode, Kannur, Kasargod
(d) Airports: Thiruvananthapuram, Nedumbassery (Kochi-India’s first private airport, was opened in June, 99), and Karipur. Port: Kochi
(e) Inland waterways: 1687 kms.
Education: The first fully literate municipal town (Kottayam-1989), and district (Ernakulam-1990) in India are in Kerala. Ln 1991, Kerala became the first fully literate state in India with literacy among adults: 89.9%.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Kathakali, Theyyam, Thullal, Margamkalli, Mohiniattam, Oppana
(b) Festivals: Onam, Vishu, Ramzan, Christmas, Aluva Shivratri.
Famous Shrines: Jewish Synagogue (Mattancherry, Kochi)-St Francis Church-Kochi, Padmanabhaswamy temple-Trivandrum, Ayyappa temple-Sabarimala, Guruvayoor (Lord Krishna shrine)- Trivandrum, Methala mosque, Malik Dinar Mosque, St Thomas Memorial Church-Kodungalloor, St Thomas Church-Malayatoor, Mannarasala temple-Harippad, Parimala Church, and Kalady (the birthplace of Sri Sankaracharya.


State of Madhya Pradesh

Capital: Bhopal
Area: 3,08,000 sq km
Date of Formation: 1 No. 1956
Neighboring States: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, UP, Chhattisgarh
Population: 72,597,565, Males: 37,612,920, Females: 34,984,645, Sex-ratio: 930, Density: 236,Decadal growth: 20.30%. Literacy: 43,827,193 (total 70.63%, male 80.53%, female 60.02%).
No of Districts: 50, Villages: 52.117, Towns: 394
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 230 (excluding nomination), Parliament: Lokshaba Seats: 29 (19+4+6), Rajya Sabha: 11
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC, Samajwadi Party, BSP, CPI-M, NCP, JD-U
Seat of High Court: Jabalpur and benches at Indore and Gwalior.
Chief Languages: Hindi
Major Religions: Hinduism, Isalam, Budhism
Main Towns: Indore, Bhopal, Gwalior, Sagar, Rewa, Jabalpur, Ujjain, Bhind, Ratlam, Balaghat, Betul, Seoni, Shajapur, Sagar, Gunaltarsi, Shivpuri, Morena, Guna, Chindwara, katni, Mandla, Umaria, Shahdol, Vidhisha.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Narmada, Chambal, Sindh, Betwa, Ken, Son, Tapi 
(b) Mountains: Vindhya Range, Satpura Range, Malwa Plateau, Kaimur Hills, Maikala Range, Mahadeo Hills 
(c) National Park/ Sanctuary: Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Madhav, Karera Bied Sanctuary (Great Indian Bustand), Indravati tiger reserve: Dhuandhar Fall (Bhed-aghat) and Marble rock-Jabalpur: Irrigation: 6.19 million hectares.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: diamond dolomite, limestone, bauxite, iron-ore, copper, coal, lead, tin, rock phosphate, traditional handicraft and handloom 
(b) Industries: Heavy electrical, refractories, Security Paper mill, sugar, newsprint, Govt. Mint, steel casting, electronics, textile machinery, automobiles, optical fiber, rerolling, drugs, industrial gases, synthetics, engineering tools, chemical fertilizers, solvent extraction 
(c) Agricultural Products: Rice gram, cotton, oilseeds, pulses, Jowar wheat, soya bean, sugarcane. 75% of people are engaged in agriculture.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 73311km. NH 4280km, SH 8729km 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Bhopal, Bina, Gwalior, Indore. Ltarsi, Jabalpur, Katani, Ratlam and Ujjain 
(c) Airports: Indore, Gwalior, Khajuraho and Bhopal.
Famous Temple towns: Maheshwar, Chitrakoot Orchha, Omkareshwar, Ujjain, Khajuraho, Amarkantak, Bhojpur, Udaypur.
Archaeological Sites: Bhimbetka, Satna, Sanchi stupas (Buddhist), Vidsha, Mandsaur.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Gaur-bison hunt dance 
(b) Festivals: Tan Sen Music Festival-Gwalior: Ustad Allauddin Festival-Maihar: Kalidas Samaroh- Ujjain: Festival of Dances-Khajuraho, Bhagoriya- Jhabua(tribal), Holi, Sravan Somvar, Diwali, Id, Dussehra, Shivratri-Khaju-raho, Bhojpur, Pachmarhi, Ujjain: Ramnavami-Chitrakoot, Orcha, Malwa, Pachmarhi.

State of Maharashtra

Capital: Mumbai
Area: 3,07,713 sq km
Date of Creation: The state of Bombay was split into Maharashtra and Gujarat on May 1,1960, Maharashtra retaining the old capital Bombay.
Neighboring States: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Goa Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Chhattisgarh.  Sea: Arabian Sea.
Population: 112,372,972, Males: 58,361.397, Females: 54,011,575, Sex-ratio: 925, Density: 365,Decadal growth: 15.99%, Literacy: 82,512,225 (total 82.91%, male 89.82%, female 75.48%).
No of Districts: 35, Villages: 41,095, Towns: 378
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Bicameral: Assembly Seats: 289 (1 nomination), Legislative Council: 78, Legislative Assembly: 288, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 48 (39+5+4), Rajya Sabha Seats: 19
Main Political Parties: BJP, NCP, Indian National Congresss, Shiv Sena, CPI-M, Jan Surajya Sharti, Peasant and Workers Party of India, Akhil Bharatiya Sena.
Seat of High Court: Mumbai High Court (High court benches in three cities at Nagpur, Panaji and Aurangabad)
Chief Languages: Marathi
Major Religions: Hinduism, lsalam, Jainism, Parsi, Christianity.
Main Towns: Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Thane, Nashik, Nappur, Ahmednagar, Sholapur, Jalgaon, Kholapur, Aurangabad, Satara, Sangli, Amravati, Buldhana, Beed, Raigad, Chandrapur, Latur, Yavatmal.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Godavari, Penganga Manjra, Bhima, Varna, Panjhra, Wardha, Wainganga, Purna, Dudhana, Pravara, Mula, Ghod,Sina, Tirna
(b) Mountains:Ajanta Range, Harishchandra Range, Balaghat Range, Satmala Hills, Gawligarh Hills, Maha baleshwar, Kalsunai 
(c) Lakes: Beale, Tansa, Andhra, Mulshi, Koyna Reservoir. 
(d) National Park: Nawegon, Pench Taroba, Sanctuaries: Nagzira, Tousa, Yawal, Doe Devlagaon.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Coal, iron ore, Manganese, Chromite, Bauxite, Oil & Natural Gas 
(b) Industries: Major industries are chemicals and related products, textiles, electrical and non-electrical machinery and petroleum and allied products steel and iron castings, plastic ware and machine tools,. Santa Cruz Electronics Exports Processing Zone (SEEPZ), is a free trade zone for cent percent export. India’s first gold refinery is at Shirpur. The growth of offshore Oil fields at Mumbai High and the nearby Bassein North Oil Fields have contributed greatly to the industrial development of the state 
(c) Agricultural Products: Main food crops: wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, and pulses. Cash crops: cotton, Alphonso mangoes, sugarcane, groundnut and tobacco. Cavendish bananas, Thomson seedless grapes and soft seeded pomegranates are the state’s produce.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 2.66 lakh km. consisting of 4267km. of national highways, 33,406km. of state highways, 44,792km. of major district roads, and 97,913km of village roads 
(b) Railway Length: 5,527km. 
(c) Main Railway Stations: Chhatrapati Shivaji Railway Terminus (Victora Terminus -VT) station: Bandra, Thane, Vasai, Khurd, Pune, Solapur, Satara, Jalgaon, Bhusaval, Nagpur, Kholapur, Kudal 
(d) Airports: Mumbai. There are four airpots under the control of international Airport Authority or Airport Authority of India 
(e) Port: Mumbai.
Forts: Pratepqarh, Daulatabad, Shivneri, Vijaydurg, Sindhdurg, Jabjira.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Tamasha and Lavni (folk drama) 
(b) Festivals: Ganesh Chaturthi 
(c) Craft: Paithani, Chandrakala, Pasodi, Ghongodi, Dharwadi and brocade sarees, silk-bordered dhotis, himru and bidri work, terracotta pottery, copper and zinc vessels etc.

State of Manipur

Capital: Imphal
Area: 22,327 sq km
Date of Formation: 21 Jan 1972 State: from 1950: Part C State: 1963 Union Territory.
Neighboring States: Mizoram, Asom, Nagaland, Country: Myanmar.
Population: 2,721,756, Males: 1,369,764, Females: 1,351,992, Sex-ratio: 897, Density: 122, DecadalGrowth: 18.65% Literacy: 1.891,196 (total 79.85%, male 86.49%, female 73.17%).
No of Districts: 9, Villages: 2,199, Towns: 33
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 60, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 2(1+0+1), Rajya Sabha Seats:1
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC, Federal Party of Manipur, CPI, Manipur State Congress Party, NCP, Samata Party, Manipur People’s Party, Manipur National Conference, Democratic Revolutionary Peoples Party:
Seat of High Court: A permanent bench of the Guwahati High Court, Imphal Bench (functional since 14-3-1992)
Chief Languages: Meiteilon (Manipuri).
Major Religions: Hinduism and Christianiity.
Main Towns: Imphal, Thoubal, Churachandpur, Ukhrul, Bishnupur, Moirang, Moreh, Senapati, Tamenglong, Chandel.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Barak, Manipur
(b) Mountains: West Mainpur Hills, Laimatol Range, Letha Range, East Manipur Hills
(c) Lake: Loktak.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Limestone
(b) lndustries: Handloom weaving, cottage in dustries like sericulture, bamboo and cane articles rice mills, edible oil crushing and leather goods
(c) Agricultural Products: Paddy, wheat, maize.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 12618km: NH/ 53, 39, 150 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Jiribam
(c) Airports: lmphal
Culture: Manipuri dancing is one of the classical dances of India. Male dancers perform acrobatics and the graceful movements of female dancers are delightful. 
(a) Dances: Mainpuri
(b) Festivals: Doljatra, Lai Haraoba, Rasa Leela, Cheiraoba,Ningol Chakouba, lmoinu lrtapa, Gaan-Nagai Lui-Nagai-ni, Yaoshang (Holi), Mera Houchongba, Kut, ld-ul-Fitr, Christmas. 
(c) The favourite sport is polo and Manipur claims to have invented it. Polo is also popular in few other places in Asia.

State of Meghalaya

Capital: Shillong
Area: 22,429 sq km
Date of Formation: 2 April 1970 State within Asom: 21 April 197 State Within Asom: 21 Jan 1972 Separate state
Neighboring States: Asom. Country: Bangladesh.
Population: 2,964,007, Males: 1,492,668, Females: 1,471,339, Sex-ratio: 986, Density: 132, Decadal growth: 27.82%, Literacy: 1,817,761 (total 75.48%, male 77.17%, female 73.78%).
No of Districts: 7, Villages: 5,782, Towns:16
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 60, Parliament: Lok Sbaha Seats: 2 (0+0+2), Rajya Sabha Seats:1
Main Political Parties: BJP, NCP, United Democratic Party Meghalaya Democratic Party, INC, Hills State People’s Democratic Party, Khun, Hyneutrip National Awakening Movements.
Seat of High Court: Guwahati. A High Court Bench is located at Shillong.
Chief Languages: Garo, Khasi, and English
Major Religions: Hinduism and Christianiity.
Main Towns: Shillong, Jowai, Williamnagar, Nongpoh Nongstoin, Tura, Baghmara, Mawphlang.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Simandg, Manda, Darming, Ringge, Gamol,Bugi, (Khri, Krishnai,Kapili, Sareawari, Bhogai)
(b) Mountains: Garo Hills, Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills: Nokrek Peak.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Sillimanite, Coal, limestone, dolomite, fireclay, feldspar, quartz, glass sand, sandstone
(b) Industries: Cement: lron and Steel and cottage industries, There is a public sector cement factory at Cherrapunjee. Meghalaya’s hydro-electric and thermal power potential has been estimated at about 2500 and 1000 megawatts respectively
(c) Agricultural Products: Rice and Maize are major food crops. Potato, tezpata, sugarcane, oilseeds, cotton, jute, mesta, arecanut besides fruits like pineapple, orange, and bananas are the important products: ‘Khasi Mandarin’ oranges are famous, Area under forest is 950,000 hectares.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 7,860 km of both surfaced and unsurfaced roads
(b) Railway: None: (c) Airports: Umroi: 35km from Shillong
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Nongkrem at Smit village: Laho (Jaintias) 
(b) Fastivals: Shad Suk Mynsiem-April 2nd week (khasis): Wangala Oct-Nov (Garos): Behdiengkhlam at Jowai-July (Jaintias).















State of Mizoram

Capital: Aizwal
Area: 21,081 sq km
Date of Formation: 20 Feb 1987
Neighboring States: Tripura, Asom, Manipur, Country, Myanmar.
No of Districts: 8, Villages: 707: Towns:22
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 40 members, Parliament: Lok Sabha seats: 1 (o+o+1), Rajya Sabha Seats:1
Main Political Parties: Mizo National Front, Indian National Congresss, Mizoram People’s Conference, Zoram Nationalist Party, Hmar People’s Convention, Maraland Democratic Front.
Seat of High Court: Guwahati: A bench at Aizawl.
Chief Languages: Mizo, Kuki and English
Major Religions: Christianity
Main Towns: Aizawl, Mamit, Lungle, Lawngtai, Saiha, Chhimtuipui, Saiha
Geography: 
(a) Rivers Tlawng (or the Dhaleswari) the Sonal and the Tuivawl
(b) Mountains: Mizoram is a land of hills, the bighest point being the Blue Mountain (2165 metres).
Economy: 
(a) Industries: Handloom, rice mills, flour mills, brick making, bamboo handicrafts, sericulture, electronics 
(b) Agricultural Products: Maize and paddy. Pulses sugarcane, chilies, banana, ginger, potato, tobacco, vegetables, turmeric and pineapple are the other important crops.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 6349km
(b) Main Railway Stations: Bairabi
(c) Airports: Aizawl-Lengpuri.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Bamboo dances, Khantum Solokia, kuallam, Cheraw Kan, Chheiraw and lam. Chheihlam (recount heroics around rice beer) and Khuallam (a dance of guests)
(b) Festivals: Chapchar Kut, Mim Kut (maize fest-Aug-Sept), Pawlkut (harvest-Dec-Jan), Christmas, Easter
(c) Crafts: Puans woven on traditional looms, thi-hi (amber bead necklace), Darhi (glass bead necklace), shawls, cane and bamboo works, Lunglei, Chintapai, Vakiria (headgear).

State of Nagaland

Capital: Kohima
Area: 16,579 sq km
Date of Formation: 1st Dec. 1963
Neighboring States: Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Asom and Country, Myanmar.
Population: 1,980,602, Males: 1,025,707, Females: 954,895, Sex-ration: 931, Density: 119, Decadal growth: 0.47%, Literacy: 1,357,579 (total 80.11%, male 83.29%, female 76.69%)
No of Districts: 11, Villages: 1,278, Towns: 9
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats:60, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats:1, Rajya Sabha Seats:1
Main Political Parties: INC, Nagaland Poples Front, BJP, Nationalist Democratic Movement, JD-U, Samta Party.
Seat of High Court: Guwahati High Court. A bench is located at Kohima.
Chief Languages: Konyak, Angami, Sangtam, Chang, Lotha, Sema, Ao and Chakhesang
Major Religions: Hindusim, Christianity
Main Towns: Kohim, Phek, Mon, Wokha, Mokokchund, Tuensang, Zunheboto

Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Dhansiri, Doyang, Dikhu and Jhanji 
(b) Mountains: Saramati the highest peak is 3841 m high 
(c) National Park Intangki, known for the Blythe Tragopan, very colourful cock, found only at Phek.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Nagaland’s mineral wealth (coal, chromium, limestone, iron, cobalt, nickel and marble) is immense, though unexplored yet 
(b) Industries: Nagas make beautiful decorative materials, Nagaland has achieved remarkable progress in small and medium industries. Today the state has 30 industrial units. And over 300 small scale industries. The Nagaland Sugar Mill at Dimapur has an installed capacity of 1,000 tonnes per day 
(c) Agricultural Products: Rive, vegetable.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 23,666km 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Dimapur 
(c) Airports: Dimapur.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Naga dance and music are intrinsic part of Naga life mostly eulogizing bravery, beauty, live and generosity 
(b) Festivals: Hornbill festival (1st week of Dec): Sekrenyi of Angamis (Touphema kohima, Feb 26-27): Monyu (Pongo-Lon gleng, Apr 1-3): Moatsu (Chuchuyimlang-Mokokchung, May 1-3): Tokhu Emong, Tuluni-of Semas and Christmas. Aoling festival of Konyaks, Pikuchak festival of Lothas in Wokha
(c) Crafts: Wood carving hand woven shawl, baskets like Akhi, Akhi, Chakhe-sang, Angami Jewellery.


State of Odisha / Orissa
Capital: Bhubaneswar
Area: 155,707 sq km
Date of Formation: 15 Aug 1947 Province
Neighboring States: Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal. Sea: Bay of Bengal.
Population: 41,947,358, Males: 21,201,678, Females: 20,745,680, Sex-ratio: 978, Density: 269,Decadal growth: 13,97%, Literacy: 27,112,376 (total 73.45%, male 82.40%, female 64.36%).
No of Districts: 30, Villages: 47,529, Towns: 138
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 147, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 21 (13+3+5), Rajya Sabha Seats: 10
Main Political Parties: INC, Biju Janatadal, Indian National Congresss, BJP, Jharkhand Mukti Morcha, Odisha Gana Parishad, CPI, CPI-M
Seat of High Court: Cuttack
Chief Languages: Odiya (Oriya)
Major Religions: Hinduismm, Jainism, Islam
Main Towns: Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Chhatrapur, Puri, Sambalpur, Bolangir, Jharsuguda, Baragarh, Koraput, Rourkela, Balasore, Baripada, Berhampur, Bhadrak, Nabrangpur, Rayagada, Bhawanipatna, Phulbani, Dhenkanal, Kendrapara, Keonjhar, Konark, Sundargarh.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Mahandi, Brahmani, Baitarani, Tel, Pushikulya, Sabari
(b) Mountains: Garhjat Hills, Mahendra Giri
(c) Lake/Reservoir: Hirakud, Balimela, Chilka (The largest and the utmost famous lake in Odisha is the Chilka. It is 64km long and 16 to 20km wide. There are two lovely islands in the lake namely Parikud and Malud). Hirakud Dam, the 4th largest in the world, on Mahanadi is one more attraction. Chika, the largest brackish water inland lake in Asia, stretches over an extent of 1100sq. km 
(d) National Parks: The biggest Lion Safari of India and the only White Tiger Safari in the World are situated on the outskirts of Bhubaneswar.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Chromite, bauxite, dolomite, graphite, iron-ore, coal, copper, kaolin, lead, quartzite, steatite and tin
(b) Agricultural Products: 64% of the working population is dependent on agriculture. The state contributes one-tenth (1/10) of the rice production in India. Rice, pulses, oil-seeds, jute, Mesta, sugarcane (the main cash crop) coconut and turmeric are important crops. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 3596km NH, 29km state express highways, 3855 km SH
(b) Railway Length 2,339km- broad-gauge and 91km narrow-gauge lines
(c) Main Railway Stations: Bhubaneswar, Puri, Cuttack, Behrampur, Bolangir, Raurkela, Sambalpur
(d) Airports: Bhubaneswar. (e) Ports: Paradeep (major) and Gopalpur (all-weather)
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Odissi, the dance from of Odisha, developed in the shadow of the magnificent temples of the state. Dalkhai (tribal dance), Ghoomra. Ranapa and Chhadaya (folk dance)
(b) Festivals: Rath yatra (Puri Shraban Purnima, Ashokastami, Chandan yatra, Snana yatra and Konark festival
(c) Handioom products of silk and tussar, silver filigree work (tarkashi), Pat chitra paintings, golden glass work.



State of Punjab

Capital: Chandigarh
Area: 50,362 sq km
Date of Formation: 15th August 1947, Province: 26th Jan 1950 State (until 1956: part (A)
Neighboring States: Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan and Jammu & Kashmir. Country: Pakistan.
Population: 27,704,236, Male Population: 14,634, 819, Female population: 13,069,417, Sex ratio : 893 Density 550 Decadal growth: 13,73%, Literacy:18,988,611 (total 76.68%, male 81,48%, female 71.34%).
No of Districts: 20, Villages: 12,278, Towns: 157 
Legislative Bodies: Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 117: Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 13 (9+4+o), Rajya Sabha Seats:7
Main Political Parties: I.N.C, Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal) BJP, CPI.
Seat of High Court: Chandigarh
Chief Languages: Punjabi
Major Religions: Sikhism, Hinduism, Christianiity.
Main Towns: Amritsar, Ludhiana, Faridkot, Bathinda, Jalandhar, Patiala, Moga, Gurudaspur, Kapurthala, Pathankot, Ropar, Sangur, Taran.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Beas, Sutlej, Ravi 
(b) Mountains: Hoshiarpur Choaland, Katar Dhar (Shiwalik Range), Chandigarh Choaland
(c) Plain Malwa, Sirhind, Manjha.
Economy: 
(a) Industries: The chief productions are sports goods, sugar, textiles, scientific instruments, sewing machines, starch, fertilizer, electrical goods, machine tools, bicycles and pine oil. A Science City is being set up at Jalandhar
(b) Agricultural Products: Wheat, rice, maize, bajra, jowar, barley, oilseeds, sugarcane, potato, cotton, pulses and tobacco.
Transport & Communication: 
(a) Road Length: 70,528km, NH-1749km, SH-1462KM
(b) Railway Length: 3726.60km: (c) Main Railway Stations: Patiala Jalandhar, Amritsar, Bhatinda
(d) Airports: Rajajasansi international airport (Amritsar), Chandigarh, Patiala, and Ludhiana (Macchiwara, Sahnewal).
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Bhangra, Gidda and Thumar
(b) Festivals: Gurpurab, Lohri, Dussehra, Diwali, Hoal Mohalla (Anandpur Sahib), Rauza Sharif Urs (Sirhind), Baisakhi ( Talwandi Saboo), Chappar Mela, Sheikh Farid Agam Purb (Faridkot), Shaheedi Jor Mela (Sirhind), Harballah Sangeet Sammelan (Jalandhar)
(c) Crafts: Pulkari embroidery on bed sheets, durries, shawls, jerseys.



State of Rajasthan

Capital: Jaipur
Area: 3,42,239 sq km
Date of Formation: 1 Nov 1956 Rajasthan (full statehood): 25 Mar 1948 Rajasthan Union: 18 Apr 1948 United states of Rajasthan: 30 Apr 1949 United states of Greater Rajasthan (from 1950: Part (b).
Neighboring States: Gujarat, MP, UP, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Country: Pakistan.
Population: 68,621,012, Males: 35,620,086, Females: 33,000,926, Sex-ratio: 926, Density: 201,Decadal growth: 21,44%, Literacy: 38,970,500 (total 67.06%, male 80.51%, female 52.66%).
No of Districts: 33, Villages: 39,753: Towns: 222
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 200, Parliament:Lok Sabha Seats:25 (18+4+3), Rajya Sabha Seats:10
Main Political Parties: BJP, INC, Indian National Lok Dal, BSP, JD-U, CPI-M, Lok Jan Shakti Party, Rajasthan Samajik Nyaya Manch.
Seat of High Court: Jodhpur and a bench at jaipur.
Chief Languages: Rajasthani, Hindi, Gujarati.
Major Religions: Hinduism, Jainism, lslam
Main Towns: Jaipur, Kota, Tonk, Jodhpur, Bikaner, Ganganagar, Pali, Nagaur, Udaipur, Bhilwara, Sikar, Alwar, Sawai Madhopur, Jaisalmer, Ajmer, Chittorgarh, Jalor.
Geography: 
(a) Desert: Great Indian Desert (The Thar) 
(b) Rivers: Luni, Banas, Kali Sindh, Chambal, Indira Gandhi Nahar (Canal)
(c) Mountains: Aravalli Range (Guru Shikhar Peak, 1722m), Sojat Hill, Mewar Hills, Alwar Hills, Mukandwara.
(d) Lakes/ Reservoirs: Gandhi Sagar, Sambhar Salt Lake, Gudha, Rana Pratap Sapar, Dhebar Lake, Mandor 
(e) Wildlife Sariska Tiger Park-AI-war, keoladeo Ghana National Park.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: emerald garnet, gypsum, asbestos, feldspar, mica, zinc concentrates, rock phosphate, silver ore, marble and red stone
(b) Industries: Textiles, rugged and woolen goods, sugar, cement manufacturing, glass, sodium, oxygen and acetylene divisions, pesticides, insecticides and dyes are some of the main industries. Other industries include the production of caustic soda, calcium carbide and nylon tyres cord and copper smelting. Marble work, Woollen carpets, jewelly, embroidery, articles of leather, pottery, and brass embossing. Rajasthan handicrafts are famous all over the World: (c) Agricultural Products: The principal crops are jowar, bajra, maize, wheat, grams, oilseeds, cotton, sugarcane and tobacco.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 1,88,534 km
(b) Railway Length 6228km 
(c) Main Railway Stations: Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kota Bikaner, Sawaai Madhopur, Bharatpur: (d) Airports: Jaipur, Jodhpur.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Khayal (dance-music), Ghumar during Teej and Gangaur festivals, Panihari, Chari, Kachchi Ghori
(b) Festivals: Deepawali, Vijayadashami, Holi, Teej, Gangaur (Jaipur) Urs of Ajmer Sherif and Galiakot, Christmas
(c) Fairs: tribal Kumbh of Bene-shwar (Dungarpur), Ramdeora (Jaisalmer), Mahavir fair at Shri Mahavirji in Sawai Madhopur, Janbeshwari Fair (Mukam-Bikaner), Kartik Poornima and Cattle Fair (Pushkar-Ajmer) and Shyamji Fair (Sikar)
(d) Craft: Bandhin (tie and dye) work, block printing hand-knotted woolen carpets, massoria work, gharas kagzi pottery, pichwais (painting on cloth), phads (cloth scroll painting), and lacquer-works).


State of Sikkim

Capital: Gangtok
Area: 7,096 sq km
Date of Formation: 16 May 1975 State 
Neighboring States: West Bengal, Countries: China, Nepal and Bhutan.
Population: 607,688, Males: 321,661, Females: 286,027, Sex-ratio: 889, Density: 86, Decadal growth: 12.36%.
No of Districts: 4, Villages: 450, Towns: 9
Legislative Bodies: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 32, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats:1, Rajya Sabha Seats:1
Main Political Parties: Sikkim Democratic Front, INC.
Seat of High Court: Gangtok
Chief Languages: Nepali, Lepcha, Bhutia, Hindi, Limbu.
Major Religions: Buddhism, Hinduism.
Main Towns: Gangtok, Gyalshing, Pemayangtse, Namchi, Lachen, Yunthang, Tashiding, Mangan, Jelep La, Rumtek.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Teesta, Rangit
(b) Mountains: Kanchenjunga-the highest peak in India is located here. 
(c) Khan- gchend zonga National Park is one of the highest national parks in the world and includes the world’s third highest mountain (Kanchenjunga), Deorali is another N.Park. The yaks and the musk deers are animals found in Sikkim. There are over 4000 species of plants in the state.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Gold, silver, copper and also zinc
(b) Industries: There are units engaged in Tanning, watch assembling, food processing and distilleries, breweries and flour mill.
(c) Agricultural Products: The principal crops are paddy, millet, wheat, maize and barley, potatoes, apples, Orange and cardamom are also produced. Sikkim has the largest area and the top production of large cardamom in India Tea is grown in Sikkim. Sikkim is very rich in varieties of orchids.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 2,933km
(b) Main Railway Stations: No stations-the closest ones are Siliguri (114 km) and New Jalpaiguri (125 km)
(c) Airports: Gangtok, Bagdogra. A new Greenfield airport at Pakyong.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Mask dances of Bhutias, Nepalis and Lepchas are famous
(b) Festivals: Maghey Sankranti, Durga Puja, Chaite Dasai (Nepali), Pang Lhabsol and Losar (Bhutias), Namsoong and Tendong Hlo Rum Faat (Lepctas)
(c) Crafts: Woollen carpest, with Tibetan desighs, rough blankets, saris, cane and bamboo works, wood carving, handmade paper and silver works.





State of Tamil Nadu

Capital: Chennai
Area: 1,30,058 sq km
Date of Formation: 15th August 1947 Madras province, 26 Jan 1950 State (until 1956: Part (A) 14 Jan, 1969 Renamed Tamil Nadu.
Neighboring States: Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry, Sea: Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal. Country: Sri Lanka.
Population: 72,138,958, Males: 36,158,871, Females: 35,980,087, Sex-ratio: 995, Density: 555,Decadal growth: 15.60%, Literacy: 52,413,116 (total 80.33%, male 86.81 %, female 73.86%).
No of Districts: 32, Village: 15,400: Town: 832 
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 234 (excluding nomination), Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 40, Rajya Sabha Seats: 18 
Main Political Parties: All India Dravida Munetra Kazhagam, Dravida Munetra Kazhagam, Tamil Manila Condress (Moopanar), Pattali Makal Katchi, INC, CPI-M, CPI, BJP, MDMK, DMDK. 
Seat of High Court: Chennai.( A bench at Madurai). 
Chief Languages: Tamil 
Major Religions: Hinduism, Islamic, Christianity. 
Main Towns: Chennai, Madurai, Avadi, Coimbatore, Ambattur, Erode, Vellore, Salem, Tanjavur, Cuddalore,, Tutucorin, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, Neyveli, Udagamandalam, Nagercoil, Pudukotai, Thanjavur. 
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Palar, Kaveri, Meyar, Vaigai, Cheyyar, Bhavani, Ponniyar, Tamarapani, Chittar, Vellar, Suruli, Vaipar, Noyal
(b) Mountains: Along the whole length of the western part, is the range of the Westerm Ghats. The Palghat Gap is nearby 25km in width and is the only marked break in the great mountain wall. To the south side of this Palaghat Gap, the range is well-known Anamalai Hills (Elephant Hills). On the east side are the Palani Hills on which is located the famous hill station kodaikanal, ln the famous Ootacamund area of the Nilgiris District, highest peak Doddabette, 2640 meters above the sea level. 
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Magnesite, mica, quartz, feldspar, bauxite, gypsum, Lignite limestone 
(b) Industries: Cotton textile, automobiles, chemical fertilizer, paper and paper related products, railway wagons and rail coaches, army tank, cement, iron & steel, computer PC peripherals and software 
(c) Agricultural Products: Paddy/Rice, maize, jowar, bajra, ragi, pulses sugarcane, oilseed, cotton, chillies, coffee, tea, rubber, cardamom. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Legngth: 61641km 
(b) Railway Length 3927km 
(c) Main Railway Stations: Chennai, Madurai, Tiruchirapali, Coimbatore, Erode, Salem and Tirunelveli. 
(d) Airports: Meenambakam international- Chennai, Madurai, Tiruchirapali, Coimbatore, Salem 
(e) Ports: Chennai and Thoo-thukudi (Tuticorin), Cuddalore, Naga-pattinam. 
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Kalakshetra, Kolaattam, Kavadi, Bharathanatyam, Karagams 
(b) Festivals: Pongal (harvest), Jallikattu (bull fight), Chitirai-Madurai, Adipperukku (on river banks during sowing season), Mahamagam fest, Dance festival-Mamalapuram, Kanthuri festival, Karthigai festival, Navaratri festival, Music Festival (December).







State of Tripura

Capital: Agartala
Area: 10,491,69 sq km
Date of Formation: 21 January, 1972.
Neighboring States: Asom, Mizoram, Country: Bangladesh.
Population: 3,671,032, Males: 1,871,867, Females: 1,799,165, Sex-ratio: 961, Density: 350, Decadal growth: 14,75%, Literacy: 2,831,742 (total 87.75%, male 92.18%, female 83.15%).
No of District: 4, Villages: 858, Towns: 23
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 60, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 2 (1+0+1), Rajya Sabha Seats:1
Main Political Parties: CPI-M, INC, Indigenous Nationalist Party of Tripura, RSP, CPI.
Seat of High Court: Guwahati High Court- Agartala bench.
Chief Languages: Bengali, kokborak and Manipuri.
Main Towns: Agartala, Belonia, Kumarghat, Kailashahar, Udaipur, Khowai and Kamalpur.
Geography: (a) Rivers: Gomti:
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Natural Gas
(b) Industries: Registered factories-1,282. Hand loom weaving is the single largest Industry. There are several jute factories that make gunny bags and other products for the market. It is essentially a tribal house-hold industry. The sericulture industry is developing fast. Energy generated-337.68 m.u. Tripura is plentiful in natural gas and a sum of natural gas-based industries have sprung up. There are 809 small scale industrial units in Tripura
(c) Agricultural Products: Rice, sugarcane, jute, mesta, potatoes, tea and rubber.
Transport & Communications:
(a) Road Length: 1997km
(b) Railway Length: 64km
(c) Main Railway Stations: Manughat, Dharmanagar
(d) Airports: Agartala.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Cherolaw-Bamboo dance
(b) Festivals: Makar Sankranti at Tirtha-mukh and Unakoti, Bengali New year, Garia Puja, Hozagiri, Mansa Mangal, ker and Karachi Puja, Ganga Puja, Christmas, Buddha Purnima, Ashokasthami at Unakoti, Sarad festival, Rash Leela, Jhulan Jatra, Rath Jatra (c) Crafts: Bamboo handi crafts esp. sitalpatti (mats), lasing-phee (quilt like weaving), terracotta and cane.



State of Uttar Pradesh

Capital: Lucknow
Area: 2,40,928 sq km
Date of Formation: 15 Aug 1947 United Province: 26th January, 1950, Uttar Pradesh state (until 1956: Part (A)
Neighboring States: Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Bihar, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand. Country: Nepal.
Population: 199,581,477, Male Population: 104,596,415, Female Population: 94,985,062, Sex ratio:908, Density: 828 sq, Decadal growth: 20,09%, Literacy of UP: 118, 423,805 (total 69.72%, male 79.24%, female 59.26%).

No of Districts: 76, Villages: 97.942: Towns: 704
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Bicameral: Assembly Seats: 403, Legislative Council-100, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 80 (63+17+0), Rajya Sabha Seats:31
Main Political Parties: Samajwadi Party, BSP, BJP, INC, Rashtriya Lok Dal, Rashtriya Kranti Party, Apna Dal, CPI-M, Akhil Bharatiya Lok, Tantrik Congress, JD-U, Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha, Janata Party, Lok Jan Shakti Party, National Loktantrik Party, Samajeadi Janatha Party, (Rashtria),
Seat of High Court: Allahabad and a bench at Lucknow.
Chief Languages: Hindi and Urdu.
Major Religions: Hinduism, lslam.
Main Towns: Agra, Luknow, Varanasi, Gorakhpur, Allahabad, Kanpur, Aligarh, Saharnpur, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Noida, Rae Bareli, Etawah, Faizabad, Sarnat, Jhansi, Mathura.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Ganga, Yamuna, Gomti, Ramganga, Betwa
(b) Mountains: Kaimur range, Lower hills of Shiwalik range.
(c) Plains: Gangetic Plain, Rohikhand Plain, Avadh Plain. 
(d) Wildlife: Dudhwa Nat. Park, Corbett Nat. Park, Sanctuaries: Kedarnath, Govind and Chila.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Limestone magnesite, coal, rock phosphate, dolomite, silicasand, pyrophylite
(b) Industries: Edible oils, paper, cement, aluminum, railway equipment, industrial chemicals, Handloom, etc. 
(c) Agricultural Products: Wheat, rice, maize, barley, gram, sugarcane, potatoes, pulses and oilseeds.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 1,31969 km. NH-3794 km, SH-8449 km, District Rd-119726km
(b) Main Railway Stations: Lucknow (main junction), Varanaasi, Agra, Kanpur, Gorakhpur, Allahabadh, Moradabad, Tundla, Gonda, Mughalsarai, Faizbad, Bareilly, Jhansi and Sitapur
(c) Airports: Luckonw, Varanasi, Kanpur, Allahabad, Jhansi, Bareilly, Agra, Hindon (Ghasziabad), Gorakhpur, Sarsawa, Fursatgani (Rae-Bareilly),
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Kathak
(b) Festivals: Kumbh Mela Ardh Kumbh, Kartik Pooranmasi, Dewa Sharief (place of Waris Ail Shah- Barabanki)
(c) Fair: Jhoola fair-of dolls (Matura, Vrindavan Ayodhy (a) Bateswar cattle fair: (d) Crafts: silk saree and brocade (Banarasi silk), chikankari hand stiched design, zardosi work, metal-were, woodcarving, wood work inlaid with brassware on black sheesham, maebleware, glasswork, glaze pottery etc.


State of Uttarakhand

Capital: Dehra Dun (provisional)
Area: 53,484 sq km
Date of Formation: 9th Nov, 2000 as Uttaranchal: renamed Uttarakhand in 2007.
Neighboring States: UP, Himachal Pradesh, Countries: china, Nepal.
Population: 10,116,752, Males: 5,154,178, Females: 4,962,574, Sex-ratio: 963, Density: 189,Decadal growth: 19.17%, Literacy: 6,997,433 (total 79.63, male 88.33%, female 70.70%).
No of Districts: 17, Villages:15,761, Towns: 86
New districts: Yamunotri, Kotdwar, Didihat, Raniket.
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 70, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats:5 (4+1+0), Rajya Sabha Seats:3, Jurisdiction of High Court: Uttaranchal.
Main Political Parties: INC, BJP, BSP, Uttarakhand Kranti Dal, NCP.
Seat of High Court: Nainital.
Chief Languages: Hindi, Garhwali, Kumaoni.

Major Religions: Hinduism, Sikhism.
Main Towns: Dehra Dun, Gairsen, Gopeshwar, Pithoragarh, Rudrapur Haridwar, Almora, Nainital, Mussoorie, Rishikesh, and Haldwari-cum-Kathgodam.
Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Yamuna, Bhagirathi, Ganga, Ramganga, Tons, and Kail
(b) Mountains: Shiwalik range, Great Himalaya, Garhwal Hills, Kumaon Hills
(c) Peaks: Nanda Devi-7817m, Kamet-7756m, Badrinath-7138m, Dunagiri-7066m, Bandarpunch-63020
(d) Passes: Thaga La, Tsang Chok La, Muling La, Lampiya Dhura Pass, Mana Pass, Niti Pass, Darma Pass, Mangsha Dhura Pass
(e) Hill Stations: Mussoorie- (Lal Tiba, Gun Hill, Kempty Falls, Lake, Surkunda Devi Temple), Dehra Dun (IFRI, Sahasradhar(a), Chakrata, Nainital & Kumaon (mountaineering), Ranikhet, Bhim Tal, Naukuchia Tal, Bageshwar, and Kausani. 
(f) Six of the seven national parks including Corbett National Park, Rajaji National Park Nanda Devi National Park Valley of Flowers, Kedarnath Sanctuary are in Uttaranchal.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: limestone, rock phosphate, copper graphite, dolomite, soapstone, magnesite, gypsum, etc
(b) Industries: forest-based, handicraft
(c) Agricultural Products
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Legth: 29,939km
(b) Main Railway Stations: Dehra Dun, Hardwar, Roorkee, Kotdwar, Kashipur, Udhamsingh, Nagar, Kathgodam, Haldwani
(c) Airport Jolly Grant (Dehra Dun). Airstrips: Pantnagar (Udham Singh Nagar), (Naini-Seni) (Pithoragarh), Gauchar (Chamoli) and Chinyalisaur (Uttarkashi) - are being built) Pawan Hans service: Rudraprayag to Kedarnath.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: folk dances
(b) Festivals: Kumbh Mela/ Ardh Kumbh Mela (Hardwar-every 12th / 6th year interval): Devidhura Mela (Chamawat), Nanda Devi Mela (Almora), Gauchar Mela (Chamoli), Baisakhi & Mela (Uttarkashi), Uttaraini Mela (Bageshwar), Vishu Mela (Jaunsar Vavar), Peeran-Kaliyar (Roorkee), Nanda Devi Raj Jat Yaatra-every 12th year, and Puranagiri Mela.


State of West Bengal

Capital: Kolkata
Area: 88,752 sq km
Date of Formation: 15 Aug 1947 Province: 26 Jan, 1950 State (until 1956: Part (A)
Neighboring States: Odisha, Jharkhand, Bihar, Sikkim, Countries: Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sea: Bay of Bengal.
Population: 91,347,736, Males: 46,927,389 Females: 44,420,347, Sex-ration: 947, Density: 1,029,Decadal growth: 13,93%, Literacy: 62,614,556 (total 77.08%, male 82.67%, female 71.16%).
No of Districts: 19, Villages: 37945, Towns: 375
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature-Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 294 (excluding nomination), Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 42 (30+10+2), Rajya Sabha Seats: 16
Main Political Parties: CPI-M, All India Trinamool Congress, INC, All India Forward Bloc, RSP, CPI, West Bengal Socialist Party, Gorkha National Liberation Front.
Seat of High Court: Kolkata
Chief Languages: Bengali.
Major Religions: Hinduism, lslam, Christianity.
Main Towns: Kolkata, Kharagpur, Medinipur, Asansol. Murshibabad, Howrabh, Bardhaman, Siliguri, Purnia.

Geography: 
(a) Rivers: Mayurakshi, Torsha, Damodar, Subarnarekha, Kangsbati, Teesta, Bhagirathi, Jaldhaka, Mahananda and Rupnarayan
(b) Mountains: Susnia Hills, Darjeeling 
(c) Wildlife: Sundarbans National Park and Tiger Reserve.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Coal and China clay are two important minerals being exploited
(b) Industries: engineering auto mobiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, aluminium, ceramics, jute, cotton textiles, tea, paper, leather, footwear, bonemeal, bicycle, dairy, poultry and timber-processing Central public sector undertakings include locomotive, cable, fertilizer, ship-building and ordnance
(c) Agricultural Products: Rice, Wheat, pulses, Oilseed, Potato and Jute.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 91970 km including NH-1898 km
(b) Railway Length 4562 km
(c) Main Railway Stations: Howrah, Asansol, Sealdah, Bandel, Bardhaman, Kharagpur, New Jalpaiguri. Calcutta’s Metro Rail project, the first of is king in the country was commissioned in 1995
(d) Airports: Dum Dum international (Kolkata), Bagdogra Kalai-kunda, Panagarh, Malda, Barrackpore Behala, Balurghat and Coochbehar
(e) Ports: Kolkata and Haldia.
Culture: West Bengal is known for is textiles, handlooms, Murshidabad and Baluchari silk sarees, Kantha embroidery, cane and bamboo work, leather craft, clay dolls & toys, masks, sholapith works
(a) Dances: Chhau (Purulia), Rabindra Nritya
(b) Festivals: Durga puja is the most important festival along with Kail puja or Diwali. Vasant Panchami, Lakshmi puja, Holi, Sivaratri, Janma-shtami, ld-ul-Fitr.

Delhi - National Capital Territory of New Delhi

Capital: Delhi
Area: 1,483 sq km
Date of Formation: December 1991
Neighboring States: Haryana, UP.
Population: 16,753, 235 Males: 8,976, 410, Females: 7,776,825 Sex-ratio: 866, Density: 11,297,Decadal growth: 20.96% , Literacy: 12,763,352 (total 86.34%, male 91.03%, female 80.93%):
No of Districts: 11 (declared but not published)
North: 883418, North East: 2700000, North West: 3651261, East: 1707725, West: 2531583, South:2733752, South West: 2292363, Central: 578671, New Delhi- 133713,
Villages: 158, Towns: 62
Legislative Bodies: Legislature Unicameral: Assembly Seats: 70, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 7 (6+1+0), Rajya Sabha Seats.3
Main Political Parties: INC, BJP, NCP, JD Secular.
Chief Languages: Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu and English.
Major Religions: Hindusim, lslam, Sikhism, Christianity, Jainism.
Main Towns: New Delhi, Delhi, Cantt Palam, Mehrauli, Shadara, Alipur, Badaali, Nazafgarh, Narela.
Geography: Rivers: Yamuna.
Economy: 
(a) Industries: electronics, light engineering machines, automobile parts, sport, goods, bicycles, medicines, Foot- wears textiles, fertilizer, hosiery, leather goods, PVC Goods, software, etc
(b)Agricultural Products: wheat, bajra jowar, gram, maize Now fruit crops, vegetables, floriculture, dairy and poultry farming are more common.

Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: Inter-State terminuses: Kasmere Gate, Sarai Kalen and Anand Vihar
(b) Railways Delhi Metro Service is very important connecting important places within the city
(c) Main Railway Stations: Delhi Jn, New Delhi, Hazrat Nizamuddin
(d) Airports: India Gandhi international Airport, Domestic fight-Palam and for training Safdajung.
National Museum: Nehru Memorial Museum, Craft Museum, National Museum of Natural History, National Museum of Modern Art, Central Cottage Industries Emporium (Janpath), States Emporia (Baba kharak Singh Marg), Dili Haat-handicrafts.
Culture: 
(a) Festivals: Roshnara festival Shalimar festival, Qutab festival, Winter Carnival Garden Tourism & Mango festival Beside international industrial Exhibitions, etc.


Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Capital: Port Blair 
Area: 8,249 sq km 
Date of Formation: 1 Nov, 1956-UT. 
Neighboring States: Sea. 
Population: 379,944, Males: 202,330, Females: 177,614, Sex-ratio: 878, Density: 46, Decadal growth: 6.68%, Literacy: 293.695, (total 86.27%, male 90.11%, female 81.84%). 
Until the Colonization of India, Andaman Islands were inhabited by 4 Negrito tribes viz., the Onge, Great Andamanese, Jarawa & Sentinalese and 2 Mongoloid tribes namely Nicobarese and Shompens. 
No of Districts: 3, Village: 501, Town:3 
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature: None, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: One, Rajya Sabha Seats: None. 
Seat of High Court: Calcutta H.C circuit bench at Port Blair. 
Chief Languages: Local dialects, Nicobarese, Benhali, Hindi, Nicobarese, Telugu, Tamil & Malayalam. 
Main Towns: Nabagram, Mayabunder, Checkpoint, Herbertahad, Bamboo Flat, Uttara, Wrightmyo, Port Meadows, Shyamnagar, Wandoor. 
Geography: Mountains: The islands form the peaks of several submerged mountain range that extends for almost 1000km between Myanmar and Sumatra. Saddle Peak (732m), is the highest peak. 
Economy: A total of 48.594 hectares of land is used for agriculture purpose. The principal crops are rice, coconuts and arecanut. Other crops are sugar can, pulses, fruit and vegetables. Spices and rubber are being tried. Fisheries, tourism and ship mending are the areas that can generate jobs. There are 3 daily newspapers and 22 periodicals. Schools total 316 in all. The Islands has a fleet of 57 ships. The installed capability of power generation is 30,000 kw, with fully revenue villages electrified. 
(a) Industries: There are 1421 registered small scale village units viz., fish processing factory, furniture, beverages, PVC conduit pipes, soft drinks, paints, etc, and handicraft units 
(b) Agricultural Products: Rice, coffee, sugarcane, pulses, coconuts, arecanut. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) The islands are accessible by air and sea. It is fine connected to kolkata, Chennai by air and by ocean to Kolkata, Chennai and Vishakapatnam. The UT’s transportation system serves 9 major islands from Diglipur to Campbell Bay. Andaman Trunk Road way services connects Rangat, Mayabunder and Diglipurusing 3 ferry boats. There are 5 wharfs and 41 jetties linking all inhabited islands 
(b) There is a network of 866km of blacktarred roads 
(c) Airports: Port Blair. 
Sanctuaries: Mahatma Gandhi Marine N.Park, Barren ls, Narcodum ls, North Reef ls, and South Sentinel. 
Islands: Havelock, Neil, Jolly Buoy, Cinque, Red Skin, Chidiya Tapu (Bird lsland), Viper lsland. 
Beaches: Corbyn, Radha Nagar, Karmatang, Cutbert Bay, Ross & Smith, Cove, Wan door Beach.


Union Territory of Chandigarh

Capital: Chandigarh 
Chandigarh was designed by the French (born Swiss) architect and urban planner, Le Corbusier, in the 1950s
Area: 114 sq km 
Date of Formation: UT. Since 1966 
Neighboring States: Punjab, Haryana 
Population: 1,054, 686, Males: 580.282, Females: 474,404 Sex-ratio: 818, Density: 9,252, Decadal growth: 17,10%, Literacy: 809,653, (total 86.43%, male 90.54%, female 81.38%). 
No. of Districts  1, Villages: 23, Towns: 1 
Legislative Bodies: Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 1, Rajya Sabha Seats: None. 
Seat of High Court: Punjab & Haryana (at Chandigarh) 
Chief Languages: Hindi, Punjabi and English. 
Major or Religions: Sikhism, Hinduism. 
Main Towns: Chandigarh 
Economy: 
(a) Industries: Hosiery, antibiotics, cycles electrical meters, home appliances, electronic equipment. There are 15 big and medium scale manufacturing units in Chandigarh, out of which 2 are public sector undertakings. More than 3,000 units are registered under small scale sector and they offer employment to about 30,000 persons. The neighboring States have developed industrial estates right next to the city 
(b) Agricultural Products: The Territory has 1,400 hectares of cultivable land. The irrigated area is about 1,450 ha. Wheat, maize and paddy are the main crops. The forest covers 27% of the area. 
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: NH-15.275 km 
(b) Main Railway Stations: Chandigarh 
(c) Airports: Chandigarh. 
Tourist Destinations: Zakir Rose Garden, Rock Garden, Shanti Kunj, Lake, Museum, Aet Geallery, Capital complex and National Gallery of Portraits. 
Culture: Festivals: Lodhi, Baisakhi.



Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli
Capital: Silvasa
Area: 491 sq km
Date of Formation: 11 Aug 1961
Neighboring States: Gujarat, Maharastra.
Population: 342, 853, Males: 193,178 Females: 149,675, Sex-ratio: 775, Density: 698, Decadal growth: 55.50%, Literacy: 228.028 (total 77.65%, male 86.46%, female 65.93%).
No. of Districts: 1, Villages: 70, Towns: 2
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature: None, Parliament: Lok Sabhaseats: 1 (0+0+1), Rajya Sabha Seats: None
Seat of High Court: Mumbai
Chief Languages: Bhili, Gujarati, Bhilodi, Marathi and Hindi
Main Towns: Silvassa.
Geography: Rivers: Silvasa, Khanvel
Economy: 
(a) Industries: Textiles, engineering, chemicals, electronics, cottage
(b) Agricultural Products: Ragi, wheat, sugarcanr, paddy, pulses, mango, chiku, lichi.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 635 km
(b) Main Railway Stations: Vapi is 18 km from Silvassa
(c) Airports: Nearest one is Mumbai.
Tourist Destinations: Bindrabin, Deer Park, Khanvel, Vanganga Lake and lsland garden, Dadra, Vanvihar Udyan, Tribal Cultural museum.
Culture: Festivals: Diwaso, Bhawada, Kali Puja.

Union Territory of Daman and Diu

Capital: Daman
Area: 112 sq km
Date of Formation: 30 May 1987
Neighboring States: Gujarat.
Population: 242,911, Males: 150,100, Females: 92,811, Sex-ratio: 618, Density: 2,169, Decadal growth: 53.54%, Literacy: 188.974 (total 87.07%, male 91.48%, female 79.59%).
No of District: 2, Villages: 23: Towns: 2
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature: None, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 1, Rajya Sabha Seats: None
Seat of High Court: Mumbai
Chief Languages: Gujarati, Hindi.
Major Religion: Hinduism, Christianity.
Main Towns: Daman, Diu
Geography: Rivers: Kalem, Bhagwan (Daman)
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: Salt
(b) Industries: Fishing, tourism, and distillery.
Transport & Communication: 
(a) Road Length: 191-Daman, 78-Diu
(b) Nearest Railway Stations Vapi for Daman and Delvada for Diu
(c) Airports: Daman, Diu.


Union Territory of Lakshadweep Islands

Capital: Kavaratti
Area: 321 sq km
Date of Formation: 1 Nov 1956 Laccadive Minicoy and Amindivi islands union territory (separated from Madras/Tamil Nadu) 1 Nov 1973 Renamed Lakshadweep.
Neighboring States: Kerala, Karnataka Sea: Arabian Sea.
Population: 64,429, Males: 33,106, Females: 31,323, Sex-ratio: 946, Density: 2,013, Decadal growth: 6.23%, Literacy: 52.914 (total 92.28%, male 96.11%, female 88.25%).
No of Districts: 1, the entire group of islands is considered one district and divided into four tahsils.
Villages: 28: Towns: 3
Legislative Bodie: State Legislature: None, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 1, Rajya Sabha Seats: None.
Seat of High Court: Kerala (located in Kochi)
Chief Languages: Jeseri (Dweep Bhash (a), Mahal and Malayalam.

Major Religions: Islam.
Major islands: Kavarati, Agati, Minicoy, Androth, Kalpeni, Amini, Kadamatt, Kiltan.
Geography: There are 36 islands covering an area of sq. km only 10 are inhabited. Androth, 4.8 sq.km is the biggest inhabited island and closest to the Kerala coastal. Lakshadweep with its lagoon area of around 4,200 sq .km, 20,000 sq km of territorial Waters and about seven lakh sq.km of economic zone, is one of the largest territories of our nation.
Economy: 
(a) Minerals: silica, corals
(b) Industries: Fishing boat construction- fishing and tourism, coir
(c) Agricultural Products: Coconut, Copra, Bananas,
Transport & Communications: These islands and Kochi are linked by ship, which takes around 18 to 20 hrs, and by air
(a) Airports: Agatti
(b) Port: Kavaratti, Minicoy, Agatti, Kadamatt, Kalpeni.

Pondicherry / Puducherry

Capital: Puducherry
Area: 479 sq km
Date of Formation: 7 Jan 1963 Pondicherry union territory.
Neighboring States: Bay of Bengal Tamil Nadu.
Population: 1,244,464, Males: 610, 485, Females: 633, 979, Sex-ratio: 1, 038, Density: 2,598,Decadal growth: 27.72%, Literacy: 966,600 (total 86.55% , male 92.12%, female 81.22%).
No of Districts: 4, Villages: 92: Towns: 6
Legislative Bodies: State Legislature: Unicameral- Assembly Seats: 30, Parliament: Lok Sabha Seats: 1, Rajya Sabha Seats: 1
Seat of High Court: Madras High Court.
Chief Languages: Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, English and French.
Major Religions: Hinduism, Islamic, Christianity.
Main Towns: Pondicherry, karaikal, Yanam, Mahe.
Geography: Rives: Gingee, Mahe
Economy: 
(a) Industries: Textiles, computer hardware, electronics, plastic, bicycle parts alcoholic beverages, electrical appliances automobile parts, soap, rice bran oil, cotton yarn, sugar, glazed tiles, etc,
(b) Agricultural Crops: Rice, pulses, coconut, arecanut, condiments etc, Groundnut, chillies are grown in Yanam.
Transport & Communications: 
(a) Road Length: 2,443km
(b) Main Railway Stations: Villupuram Jn (nearest railway link). 
(c) Airports: (nearest-Chennai)
(d) Port: Pondicherry.
Tourist Destinations: Pondicherry possesses a rich French cultural and architectural heritage. The erstwhile French Town ensconced in 4 boulevards a well-planned town neatly laid roads and vibrant beaches, French War Memorial, botanical garden, Aurobindo Ashram, Bharati and Bharatidasan Memorial Museum, Govt Museum, Govt, Square, French lnstitute, Statue of Joan of Arc, Auroville, lighthouse, Romain Rolland Library, Varadaraja- perumal temple, Sri Vedapureeswarar temple.
Culture: 
(a) Dances: Podikazhi attam
(b) Festivals: Mascarade (mask festival, Mar Apr), Masimagam (Feb-Mar), eve of French Bastlle Day-is marked by flags and parade

(c) Crafts: Hand-printed textiles, Kalakari batik, marbling work, handmade paper, bronze work.



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